Studying on the spatial distribution and variation characteristics of soil fertility by Application of geographical information systems (GIS) and data mining(DM), with the quantitative analysis of spatial variability of soil fertility in complexity, and provide the effective way for simulations which can be closer to the farmland soil fertility variability. At the same time, interpolation method based on the spatial variability of soil can provide different accuracy data for soil database, researching of space fuzzy clustering based on precise fertilization regional fertility space can provide a decision-making basis for spatial variability of soil fertility evaluation, a precise prediction and evaluation of precision agriculture are the indispensable basic information and theoretical basis of the development and implementation of precision agriculture.In this paper, the authors take the national 863 project which in the Yushu City of Jilin province as the survey region. And then get the best prediction method and discuss the different effect of the soil nutrient under spatial interpolation prediction model on the analysis of the soil nutrient space mutation characteristics of the foundation by the GIS technology and the geography statistical method. Finally, we analysis the soil fertility status by using the weighted space fuzzy clustering as well as the soil nutrient of space mutation distribution, so as to provide basis for the study on area space mutation characteristics of cultivated land soil fertility which has an important theoretical and practical effect on the precise fertilization of crop and soil fertility evaluation.