In order to realize spatial differentiation law of peanut quality in China by quantitative analysis method based on GIS technology, a spatial analysis model for peanut quality was established based on 9 ecological factors influencing peanut quality (light, temperature, water and soil, etc). The results showed that it can be achieved in the analysis of peanut quality differentiation law in space with GIS technology. Taking peanut protein content as an example, the spatial distribution of peanut protein content gradually increases from north to south, high-content region distributes mainly in south of middle-lower Yangtze region; The results have instructive significance for production and breeding department to improve peanut protein quality, establish peanut special production base, optimize regional production layout, and provide a reference for quality rating and planting of other crops.