How Can Adding a Movement Improve Target Acquisition Efficacy?
Abstract
People with motor impairments, such as cerebral palsy (CP), have difficulty acquiring small targets with a mouse. To improve upon this many assistive technologies enlarge targets, generally by introducing an extra movement. Often this improves accuracy however there appears to be a time penalty of performing all aspects of a movement twice. We investigate if it is possible for an extra movement to improve efficacy, and if this time penalty can be counterbalanced by a reduction of errors and corrective movements.We measure overall interaction efficacy in a controlled 1D experiment. Participants acquire targets under three conditions: a single movement, a double movement, and using an example assistive tool. We anticipate that a double movement may only increase efficacy when the single movement target is so small that corrective movements are disproportionately time consuming. Therefore we investigated the effects of task scale, and of motor control. The results show that it is possible for two movements to be more efficient than one. However, this appears to be an edge case that only occurs at a very small scale. We suggest that tool designers must focus on how and why their tool is going to be attractive to users, since in real world situations it is unlikely to improve pointing efficacy. Users may choose to use a tool because it improves accuracy, or requires less effort, but they are unlikely to use it because it is faster.
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