Improvement in current manufacturing settings for enabling energy efficiency is a challenge for many manufacturers. Although virtual reality has been so far applied in manufacturing for training, visualization and product development, the use of this technology in manufacturing for increasing energy efficiency has been less addressed. This paper investigates the potential of virtual reality for a better analysis of energy demands in manufacturing. By envisioning and illustrating energy flows and consumption, virtual reality can support energy efficiency. The paper provides a systematic review of the literature. The findings are analysed from the perspective of research gaps in making virtual-based technologies to enable energy-efficient manufacturing. Particularly, the elements and factors (opportunities) and methods that can be transmitted from current research to energy-efficient manufacturing, are identified and discussed.